Abstract
The wind energy utilization in Hong Kong is limited, although its potential has proven to be significant. The lack of effective policy for wind energy development is the main constraint. In this paper, the wind power potential in Hong Kong is analyzed, and the wind power potential assessment is conducted based on one-year field measured wind data using Light Detection & Ranging (LiDAR) technology in a proposed offshore wind farm. Results show that the offshore wind power potential in Hong Kong was 14,449 GWh which occupied 32.20% of electricity consumption in 2017. In addition, the electricity market and power structure in Hong Kong are also reviewed with the existing policies related to renewable energy development. Conclusions can be made that the renewable energy target in Hong Kong is out of date and until now there have been no specific effective policies on wind energy. In order to urge Hong Kong, catch up with other countries/regions on wind energy development, the histories and evolution of wind energy policies in other countries, especially in Denmark, are reviewed and discussed. Suggestions are provided in the aspects of economics, public attitude, and political factors which can stimulate wind power development in Hong Kong.
Highlights
Renewable energy policy is a country’s strategy on renewable energy production, distribution, and consumption, in which legislation, incentives, target and taxation are included [1,2,3,4,5]
Important conclusions can be drawn from the Danish experience: both the Feed-in tariff (FIT) and public attitude are important for the wind energy development
Results showed that 91% of the population thinks that Denmark should expand the use of wind power and 85% support the wind energy expansion in their local areas [95]
Summary
Renewable energy policy is a country’s strategy on renewable energy production, distribution, and consumption, in which legislation, incentives, target and taxation are included [1,2,3,4,5]. Feed-in tariff (FIT) and Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) are two typical incentive types in renewable energy policy all over the world [6,7,8]. Note that not all policy types in use are shown in this Figure. Countries are considered to have policies when at least one national or state/provincial-level policy is in place. It can be seen that until 2018, more than 130 countries have power regulatory incentives/mandates which can stimulate the development of renewable energies
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