Abstract
Fibers are permanent threat for a human health. They have an ability to penetrate deeper in the human lung, deposit there and cause health hazards, e.g. lung cancer. An experiment was carried out to gain more data about deposition of fibers. Monodisperse glass fibers were delivered into a realistic model of human airways with an inspiratory flow rate of 30 l/min. Replica included human airways from oral cavity up to seventh generation of branching. Deposited fibers were rinsed from the model and placed on nitrocellulose filters after the delivery. A new novel method was established for deposition data acquisition. The method is based on a principle of image analysis. The images were captured by high definition camera attached to a phase contrast microscope. Results of new method were compared with standard PCM method, which follows methodology NIOSH 7400, and a good match was found. The new method was found applicable for evaluation of fibers and deposition fraction and deposition efficiency were calculated afterwards.
Highlights
Fibers are particles that have one dimension significantly greater than the other two
Results of new method were compared with standard phase contrast microscopy (PCM) method, which follows methodology NIOSH 7400, and a good match was found
Segmented model of human airways from oral cavity up to the seventh generation of branching was exposed to fibers
Summary
Fibers are particles that have one dimension significantly greater than the other two. They are usually characterized by aspect ratio, the ratio of their length to their diameter. Because of their specific shape, fibers can penetrate deep into the human airways and deposit there. Length of the fibers is important during removal of particles from the lung. Their length can be greater than the diameter of macrophages, which normally remove particle from the lungs. Macrophages die in the process of removing a fiber and release inflammatory cytokines, which can cause health issues. Asbestos were substituted by man-made vitreous fibers (MMVFs), which are nowadays matter of great concern as a potential health hazard
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