Analysis of factors related to non-surgical hemorrhage and related progress of precise blood transfusion after cardiac valve replacement surgery

Abstract

Cardiac valve replacement is the most common surgical procedure in cardiac surgery, which often results in non-surgical bleeding.There are many factors that cause non-surgical bleeding after cardiac surgery, which can be summed up as the disease itself, the artificial device of cardiopulmonary bypass and the special requirements during the operation, including the abnormality of liver function, extracorporeal circulation conduits, oxygenators and blood pumps, hypothermia, hemodilution, neutralization between protamine and heparin.At present, most hospitals still use the results of blood loss and coagulation test as the reference for blood transfusion. Only a few hospitals have used thromboelastogram to guide blood transfusion, which is still in the exploratory stage, so far there is no unified reference standard. This review will focus on the related factors leading to non-surgical bleeding and the concept of accurate blood transfusion and reducing blood transfusion after heart valve replacement in order to prevent the occurrence of rethoracotomy to hemostasis. Key words: Blood coagulation disorders; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Heart valve diseases