Analysis of Error in Geodetic Networks using Different Observation Methods

Abstract

Now a day, the Global Positioning System (GPS) is used in engineering surveying application, civil engineering construction and for correct object positioning, as in other fields (soil mapping characterization, military applications, and so on). As a result of the multipath error that increases when GPS signal is reflected by smooth surfaces around the antenna, the accuracy of positioning is reduced. For GPS signals this effect mainly appears in the neighbourhood of large buildings. In this research the faculty of engineering at University of Tikrit was chosen as a study area and the points were established at nearby building whose surface was able to reflect the incoming signals. The reflected signal takes more time to reach the receiver than the direct signal. The multipath effect is caused by reflection of satellite signals (radio waves) on objects. This paper shows the result of error obtained by (RTK and static observations) in different situations based on the GPS signals with different differential GPS receiver’s system that was caused by multipath error reflected.