ANALYSIS OF EQUIVALENT FUEL SAVINGS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Abstract

The development of electric vehicles in the near future is outlined, their general classification and problems of their use are given. The most common energy elements used to power electric traction electric motors are analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages are described. The analysis shows the most economical electric cars in 2018 and describes their traction and speed characteristics. The peculiarities of methodology for determining fuel economy for hybrid vehicles (PHEV - plugin hybrid electric vehicle) and for vehicles running on alternative fuel type (NGV-natural gas vehicle; FCV-fuel cell vehicle) are revealed and the possibility of its improvement is revealed. Methodological bases of estimation of fuel economy of electric vehicles are developed. This will allow potential buyers, owners or economists of the trucking companies to objectively estimate the equivalent fuel consumption and successfully choose one or the other brand of electric vehicle. An algorithm for determining the equivalent fuel economy of electric vehicles was developed and described taking into account the energy price policy for different countries of the world.It is concluded that lithiumion batteries have become the most widespread, as the feeding elements of electric vehicles. It is found that the equivalent fuel consumption is the most objective and informative, from the user's point of view, characterizing the use of electric vehicles compared to indicating the amount of energy (kWh) required to overcome 100 miles of travel. Using the proposed method, the equivalent fuel economy of these electric vehicles is calculated, the results are plotted against. It is established that for Ukraine, considering the cost of energy carriers, the use of electric vehicles is the most costeffective compared to other countries.