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Abstract
In present paper the Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) through a rectangular die was firstly physically simulated using plasticine and then theoretically analyzed by upper bound method. Physical simulation was used to identify the deformation zone and as a background for the following theoretical ECAE analysis by rigid block model. The plane strain deformation mode and ideal plasticity of an extruded material were assumed. The dependencies of ECAE pressure, accumulated shear and dimension of a "dead zone" upon friction factor were analytically determined. The rise in ECAE pressure, accumulated shear and size of a "dead zone" with the increase in friction was predicted. The obtained results were compared with the slip line based solution and a good agreement between them was found. Finally the results of upper bound analysis were discussed together with the results of experimental investigations and finite element analysis of ECAE mechanics published elsewhere.
Highlights
The Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) is a well known method for production of bulk materials with ultra fine grained structure[1,2,3,4]
In the present paper the upper bound analysis and rigid block model were successfully applied to theoretical modeling of pressure and shear during Equal Channel Angular Extrusion in a rectangular die
The physical simulation by plasticine was used to highlight the peculiarities of material flow during ECAE and to identify the deformation zones
Summary
The Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) is a well known method for production of bulk materials with ultra fine grained structure[1,2,3,4]. Despite the simple design of ECAE tool, the homogeneity of material flow, needed pressure and resulting strains are strongly influenced by a number of process parameters like tool geometry, external friction, rheology of extruded material etc. The theoretical contributions have been focused on application of the Slip Line Theory[10], Upper Bound Analysis[5,11,12,13], Finite Difference Analysis[9] and Finite Element Modeling[6,14,15]. In the present paper we applied for this aim a version of upper bound analysis based on the rigid block model developed by W. The influence of friction on the appearance and dimensions of a dead zone, ECAE pressure and resulting shear was highlighted. The appearance of a dead zone was confirmed by simple visualization experiments with plasticine as modeling material.
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