Abstract
We studied ways of ensuring of the environmental safety of recreational territories of a mountain ecosystem on the example of Vizhnytsky National Nature Park (NNP) in the Pokutsko-Bukovynian Carpathians. Existing approaches to ensuring of the environmental security of nature reserve objects have been analyzed. The characteristic of the study region has been given. We proposed the concept for ensuring of the environmental safety of recreational areas. Its base is analysis of components and identification of components, improvement of which would ensure the appropriate level of environmental safety of NPP. An algorithm has been constructed for theoretical and experimental studies for assessment of the sanitary-microbiological state of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and soils in the study area and their influence on the environmental safety of NPP. We monitored sanitary-microbiological and sanitary-environmental indicators of the hydrosphere, atmosphere and soil and identified environmental threats to analyze the state of recreational territories of the mountain ecosystem. It is proposed to plan measures for intensification of biological natural processes of self-purification of surface water in the area of recreation territories to ensure preservation of the limited values of sanitary-microbiological and sanitary-environmental indicators of the hydrosphere. The results of atmospheric air monitoring in the area of the recreation territories indicated that the air ion content was 2.4 times higher, and the total microbial number was 1.5 times lower than in the territory of traditional farming. Therefore, the atmosphere of the recreation area does not require any technical measures to improve it. A system of engineering measures has been proposed for stabilization of environmental safety in the area of recreational territories (using the Viya fibrous carrier) for intensification of purification of surface water and disposal of wood waste by biofuel production. Implementation of the proposed measures would help achieve stabilization of the environmental safety of the recreational territories of the mountain ecosystem
Highlights
One of the functions of national nature parks, in addition to preservation and restoration of landscape and biodiversity, is to provide opportunities for recreation and health improvement for the population
We considered the results obtained in the study [40] in terms of application of the “biological conveyor” method to ensure the environmental safety of surface waters of recreational territories
The analysis shows that the method of the use of artificial media in surface waters of recreational areas proposed in the study [40] provides creation of a “biological conveyor”
Summary
One of the functions of national nature parks, in addition to preservation and restoration of landscape and biodiversity, is to provide opportunities for recreation and health improvement for the population. Unreasonable development of recreation in these territories leads to disturbance of environmental balance. It causes a breakdown of environmental and technogenic safety of the region (excessive contamination of soil and watercourses, disturbance of landscapes and destruction of flora and fauna, occurrence of fires, etc.). Mountain ecosystems became rather vulnerable due to human economic activity They require, if not complete protection, at least careful attitude and balanced use. Sanitary-hygienic and microbiological indicators can be quite promising for assessment of the environmental status of recreational territories and for forecasting of recreational load. That is why the substantiation of the necessity to comply with environmental safety requirements in the development of recreational territories of nature reserve objects is a relevant task.
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