Abstract
The human body’s absorption of electromagnetic fields from communication enabled devices has consistently been a research topic for both researchers from universities and companies in the mobile communication industry. The absorption of electromagnetic fields could mainly result in two consequences: (a) antenna radiation efficiency of the device could deteriorate dramatically; and (b) a large amount of the radiated power could be dissipated into the human body, such as the hand, ear, scalp and brain, which is defined and described by Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). A comprehensive analysis of electromagnetic field absorption by the human body has been carried out to explain and answer some of the key questions in this area.
Highlights
C OMMUNICATION enabled devices, such as smart phones and smart watches, have been widely used in our daily life
A measure of this absorbed electromagnetic power by the human body is known as Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)
The SAR specified by FCC is that the maximum allowed power deposition is 1.6 W/kg in 1g of tissue from exposure to a communication enabled device (U.S and Canada), whereas the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) requires a maximum allowed power deposition of 2 W/kg in any 10g of tissue (EU, China, Japan and Brazil)
Summary
C OMMUNICATION enabled devices, such as smart phones and smart watches, have been widely used in our daily life. In SAR simulations and measurements for the antenna design of mobile devices, the maximum hotspots of simulated and measured SAR in a human body always correspond to the highest electric current area of the antenna or the printed circuit board (PCB), which is proportional to the tangential component of the magnetic field. This phenomenon was observed in 1990s when SAR was studied using dipole antennas [7]–[8]. The mechanism of electromagnetic absorption by the human body is the same
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