Analysis of Ecological Environment Changes and Driving Forces in Boao town of Hainan Province

Abstract

Based on the three phases of remote sensing imageries in 2000, 2010 and 2020, taking Boao town as the study area, this paper analyzed the changes in the ecological environment and the driving forces of ecological environment. The results showed that: (1) The main land use type of Boao town was forest, followed by cultivated land. The main change of land use types in Boao town from 2000 to 2020 is from forest to other land types. (2) The average vegetation coverage of Boao town was 70.68% in 2000, 62.49% in 2010 and 71.65% in 2020, which indicated a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. (3) The changes of landscape pattern index of type level from 2000 to 2020 were as follows: the landscape shape index and landscape fragmentation of cultivated land decreased gradually, while the landscape shape index and landscape fragmentation of construction land and forest land increased. The trend of landscape pattern index of landscape level from 2000 to 2020 was as follows: landscape fragmentation continued to increase, landscape spread continued to decline, landscape separation continued to rise, and landscape diversity and evenness continued to increase. (4) In the driving force analysis of ecological environment changes in Boao Town, the results of principal component analysis showed that human factors were the leading factors of ecological environment changes in Boao Town, and economic factors such as GDP, output value of the third industry and per capita disposable income of farmers were the main driving forces of landscape pattern changes in Boao town.