Analysis of differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Stanislav Kotlyarov

doi:10.1515/bmc-2022-0001

Abstract

Bioinformatics analysis of datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was performed to examine the gene ontology (GO) of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD and peripheral arterial atherosclerosis. DEGs were identified using the limma R package with the settings p < 0.05, corrected using the Benjamini & Hochberg algorithm and ǀlog 2FCǀ > 1.0. The GO, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed with the detected DEGs. The biological processes and signaling pathways involving common DEGs from airway epithelial datasets in COPD and tissue in peripheral atherosclerosis were identified. A total of 15 DEGs were identified, comprising 12 upregulated and 3 downregulated DEGs. The GO enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated hub genes were mainly involved in the inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, cell adhesion, lipid metabolic process, regulation of angiogenesis, icosanoid biosynthetic process, and cellular response to a chemical stimulus. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the common pathways were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Biological processes and signaling pathways associated with the immune response may link the development and progression of COPD and atherosclerosis.

Highlights

Atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most important medical and social problems of the modern society [1–3]
Studies suggest that overweight and obesity are associated with better clinical outcomes in COPD, which seems interesting given the known role of obesity in the course of cardiovascular disease
The findings showed that NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and lipid metabolism disorders are involved in the pathogenesis of both COPD and atherosclerosis

Summary

Introduction

Atherosclerosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the most important medical and social problems of the modern society [1–3] They are characterized by high prevalence and are associated with a high incidence of temporary and persistent disability and mortality. Studies suggest that overweight and obesity are associated with better clinical outcomes in COPD, which seems interesting given the known role of obesity in the course of cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest that despite intensive research into the pathogenesis of COPD and atherosclerosis, many links in the complex chain of events that link both diseases still

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