Abstract
Rice is staple food in Iran. Despite of high quality of local rice, their grain yield is low. In hybridization breeding programs, selection of suitable parents is an essential role for developing new combinations with broadens genetic diversity. Combining ability of local rice varieties namely ‘Hashemi’, ‘Sang Jo’ and ‘Tarom Deylamani’ and ‘Nemat’ was evaluated in a partial diallele analysis for agronomic traits in a randomized complete block design at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances showed predominated role of additive gene effects in the inheritance of grain length. Both additive and non-additive components of genetic variances were important in the inheritance of traits like grain yield, plant height, panicle length, total grains per panicle, grain length and grain length to width. However, non-additive gene effects were seen for tiller number. Results showed that ‘Nemat’ was the best general combiner for most of characters followed by ‘Tarom Deylamani’. The cross of ‘Hashemi’ × ‘Tarom Deylamani’ was suggested to exploitation of heterosis breeding for increasing yield and its components in rice breeding programs.
Highlights
Rice is one of the world’s most important foods for more than half of the world population
Diallele analysis have widely used in plant breeding as practical means for the evaluation of combining ability and heterotic patterns of varieties or inbred lines in cross combinations (Huang et al, 2015)
General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances showed predominated role of additive gene effects in the inheritance of grain length revealing important role of additive gene effects. This finding is in line with Asfaliza et al (2012). Both additive and non-additive components of genetic variance were important in the inheritance of grain yield, plant height, panicle length, total grains per panicle, grain length and grain length to width (Table 1), which are well supported by other works (Pradhan et al, 2006; Kumar et al, 2007; Rahimi et al, 2010)
Summary
Rice is one of the world’s most important foods for more than half of the world population. Rice is staple food in Iran and the country still largely depends on rice imports to meet the domestic consumer’s demand (Nematzadeh et al, 2006). Agronomic characteristics such as yield are inherited as quantitative traits. Breeders use combining ability analysis to test the performance of genotypes in different cross combinations and characterize the nature and magnitude of gene effects in the expression of yield and yield components. Diallele analysis have widely used in plant breeding as practical means for the evaluation of combining ability and heterotic patterns of varieties or inbred lines in cross combinations (Huang et al, 2015)
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