Analysis of clinical characteristics and drug resistance of nosocomial infection with multi-drug resistant organisms in intensive care unit

Abstract

Objective To explore the clinical feature and antibiotic resistance of nosocomial infection caused by multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) in intensive care unit (ICU) , and to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention measure of hospital infection. Methods The nosocomial infection patients who stayed in ICU were investigated. According to whether infected by MDRO, the patients were divided into case group and control group. Clinical characteristics, antimicrobial resistance of pathogen, and burden of diseases were compared between two groups. Results A total of 136 strains of pathogen were detected from 95 patients. There were 94 strains of MDRO isolated from 60 patients. The main types of MDRO were Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Pulmonary infection was the principal infection site [68 strains (72.34%) ]. Acinetobacter baumannii strains were resistant to many antibiotics, but sensitive to glycylcycline, and the resistant rate was 12.50%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were found low resistant rate to levofloxacin and imipenem, and the rate were both 33.33%. Staphylococcus aureus strains were sensitive to nitrofurantoin, linozelid, vancomycin, glycylcycline, quinupristin/dalfopristin and teicoplanin. The APACHEⅡscore and mortality rate of case group were (23.05±8.45) and 25.00% respectively, and both higher than (18.86±7.04) and 8.57% of control group. Those differences had statistical significance (t=2.48, χ2=3.88, P<0.05) . Meanwhile, compared with control group, the hospitalization time of case group was longer, and cost was higher (Z=2.26, 2.55,P<0.05) . Conclusions The pathogens caused hospital infection are MDROs mainly, and the bacteria resistant to most antibacterial agents. MDRO infection may lead to aggravation, worse prognosis and heavier financial burden. Key words: Drug resistance, multiple; Intensive care units; Hospital infection