Abstract
Climatic factors impact vegetation. Our study was to examine and analyze the climate variability and relationship to vegetation in Garamba National Park of the Democratic Republic of the Congo over the past 30 years (1990 to 2020), then to relate the climatic variables. Mann Kendall’s non parametric test, ANOVA, and p-value tests are used to analyze existing trends and relationships between vegetation cover, climatic factors, land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference in temperature Vegetation index (NDVI), Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in Garamba national park which is of particular importance for the network of protected areas of the Democratic republic of Congo because its position at the northern limit of the savanna-forest mosaics gives it a unique biodiversity. The southern part of the park is dominated by grassy shrub savannas. The results showed that: 1) In Garamba, the monthly correlation coefficient of Kendall and Pearsan between temperature and precipitation are negative respectively 0.763 and −0.876 (p-value < 0.00001). 2) Annually during the three decades in Garamba, the correlation between precipitation and NDVI is significant 0.416 (Kendall) and 0.496 (Pearsan); the same between precipitation and EVI 0.291 (Kendall) and 0.496 (Pearsan) while LST and precipitation are negatively correlated (p-value < 0.00001).
Highlights
Our study was to examine and analyze the climate variability and relationship to vegetation in Garamba National Park of the Democratic Republic of the Congo over the past 30 years (1990 to 2020), to relate the climatic variables
Mann Kendall’s non parametric test, ANOVA, and p-value tests are used to analyze existing trends and relationships between vegetation cover, climatic factors, land surface temperature (LST) and normalized difference in temperature Vegetation index (NDVI), Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in Garamba national park which is of particular importance for the network of protected areas of the Democratic republic of Congo because its position at the northern limit of the savanna-forest mosaics gives it a unique biodiversity
It highlights the risk that forests will continue to be exploited for personal gain, and that the inhabitants of these forests, the country and the global environment are in these respect victims of peace
Summary
It examines the mismanagement liabilities of these forests prior to independence [1] and the tensions related to post-conflict recovery. It highlights the risk that forests will continue to be exploited for personal gain, and that the inhabitants of these forests, the country and the global environment are in these respect victims of peace Against this backdrop, this thesis targets problems that could cause irreversible damage to society and the environment, or jeopardize future profits. According to the summary forest map of [3], currently DIAF, the DRC has 1,280,042.46 km of forest formations These cover about 54.59% of the total area of the national territory estimated at 2,345,000 km. Considering the work undertaken by [2], the forest cover would be 145 million hectares
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