Abstract
The present study aims to find a differential protein-coding gene caspase 12 (CASP12) in cervical cancer (CC) based on the (TCGA) database and verify its clinical diagnostic and prognostic values. The transcriptome and clinicopathological data of CC were downloaded from the TCGA database and through screening, we found that PDE2A and CASP12 were independent prognostic factors for CC patients. According to the median expression, the patients were divided into groups with high and low CASP12 and PDE2A expression. There was no difference in survival between PDE2A high and low expression groups (P=0.099), whereas there was a significant difference between CASP12 high and low expression groups (P=0.033). The serum from 68 CC patients (experimental group) and 50 healthy people (control group) was collected to detect the relative expression of CASP12 using qRT-PCR and plotted the ROC curve. The relative expression of CASP12 in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of CASP12 was 0.865. There were statistically significant differences between CASP12 groups with high and low expression in terms of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, tumor size, FIGO staging, and clinical outcomes (P<0.05), but not in terms of age, HPV types and pathological types (P>0.05). The 3-year survival in the CASP12 low expression group was significantly worse than in the CASP12 high expression group (P=0.028). In conclusion, the expression level of CASP12 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with CC.
Highlights
Worldwide, cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth deadliest cancer among women [1]
The patients were divided into high and low expression groups according to the median expression of phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) and caspase 12 (CASP12), and the survival curves were plotted
There was no difference in survival between the PDE2A groups with high and low expression (P=0.099), whereas there was a significant difference between the CASP12 groups with high and low expression (P=0.033)
Summary
According to a study in 2018 [2], there were more than 570000 new CC patients in the world and over 300000 deaths in the same period. Another study showed that China had 98000 new CC patients and 30500 new deaths in 2015 [3]. This disease has become more and more common in young females [4,5]. Previous studies have shown [6,7] that surgical treatment in patients with early CC have a 5-year survival rate of 97.5% and do not need later adjuvant treatment, which reduces cost, side effects and improves survival time and quality of life. There are only a few diagnostic biomarkers with high specificity for early CC
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