Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) of the M2-type dominate in tumors and produce molecules, favorable for their growth, stimulating tumor growth. However, changing the M2-type for M1 can slow down or arrest this growth. For realization of the M1 / M2 modulation direction in the treatment of carcinoma / breast cancer (BC), a substantiated diagnosis and confirmation of the TAM negative prognosis is necessary. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the relation of tumor associated macrophages to the postoperative prognosis / survival of patients with 5 molecular-biological types of breast carcinoma. Materials of the study were intraoperative tissues of tumors and ipsilateral lymph nodes in radically removed mammary glands. Pathomorphological study of lymph nodes was conducted to clarify the diagnosis in relation to N0/1. The density of TAM infiltration was determined by immunohistochemical staining of CD68 and CD163 in 30 samples of five molecular biological types of breast cancer (three clinical cases of each type). Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies for the determination of TAM and M2-like macrophages were conducted using streptavidin-peroxidase method. The quantitative representation of CD68 + and CD163 + Mph is very different from patient to patient and also within one sample, which depends, in particular, on the morphological characteristics of breast cancer, studied by the biopsy. The density of infiltration by CD163 + macrophages of the BC focus negatively correlated with postoperative survival, which did not reach statistical significance, but is included in the general concept of a negative prognosis of infiltration by M2-like macrophages. Further research is needed to confirm the negative significance of the ТАМ infiltration density in the BC primary focus for postoperative prognosis. Promising is the development of differential diagnosis and approach to the treatment of breast cancer, taking into account the levels of its infiltration by subpopulations of TAM.
Highlights
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) of the M2type dominate in tumors and produce molecules, favorable for their growth, stimulating tumor growth
For statistic analysis of levels of TAM infiltration and postoperative survival, the participants of the study were divided into 2 subgroups, by conditionally high (≥15 cells in the field of view mg. × 280) and low (
The study presents the results of analysis of possible correlations between the infiltration density of separately M1-like TAM, which are conventionally considered CD68+ Mph, and M2-like - according to the widely used marker CD163, the primary focus of breast cancer: the relatively higher infiltration level by precisely CD163+ macrophages correlated with a decrease in survival (81% ), which did not reach the reliability, is included in the general concept of the negative prognosis of tumor infiltration precisely with M2-like Mph [1]
Summary
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) of the M2type dominate in tumors and produce molecules, favorable for their growth, stimulating tumor growth. Changing the M2-type for M1 can slow down or arrest this growth. Such an effect is mediated by the direct activity of M1 and their ability to stimulate Th1-type cytotoxic T cells and other effector cells [1]. For realization of the M1 / M2 modulation direction in the treatment of carcinoma / breast cancer (BC), a substantiated diagnosis and confirmation of the TAM negative prognosis is necessary. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relation of tumor associated macrophages to the postoperative prognosis / survival of patients with 5 molecularbiological types of breast carcinoma
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