Analysis of Aqueous Dextran: An Ultrasonic Study

Abstract

Background: Ultrasonic research can be used to recognise molecular connections and the structural behaviour of molecules. The combination of ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity data provides a plethora of information regarding ion interactions, dipoles, hydrogen bonding, multi-polar, and dispersive forces. Objective: This study aimed to determine the molecular interaction between solute dextran of different concentrations and distilled water as a solvent. The “ultrasonic speed (U), density (ρ), and viscosity (η)” at 323 K have been determined at four different frequencies, i.e., “1MHz, 5MHz, 9MHz, and 12 MHz”. The derived acoustical parameters, such as “acoustic impedance (Z), adiabatic compressibility (β), intermolecular free length (Lf), relaxation time (τ), Gibb’s free energy (ΔG),” have been determined from the experimental data. The significance is given to the subjective data with respect to the nature and quality of the interactions of the particles between solute and solvent in the liquids solutions. Methods: The density was measured by a specific gravity bottle, viscosity by Ostwald’s viscometer, and ultrasonic velocity through an ultrasonic interferometer of the solution. Moreover, the thermo-acoustic parameters were calculated using the measured parameters. Results: Ultrasonic wave propagation affects the physical properties of the medium and hence furnishes information on the physics of liquid and solution. The measured parameters like ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity have been used to understand the solute-solute and solutesolvent interactions in the solution containing dextran with water. Conclusion: The effect of frequency on thermo-acoustic parameters has been studied. The nature of the forces between molecules, such as hydrogen bonds, charge transfer complexes, and breaking of hydrogen bonds and complexes, has been interpreted from the above studies.