ANALYSIS OF APPRAISAL SYSTEM IN NEWS TEXT “MENDIKBUD MINTA KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN CALON GURU AGAMA DIEVALUASI”

Sutirtha Chatterjee) join the editor-in-chief (Robert Davison) to craft a position statement regarding the ISJ's view on theory. It is applicable, with sensitivity, to the empirical research articles that we consider for publication.

Research Design

The essential of studies which focus on research methods in biology educational field is providing recommendations for the next researchers the proper methods they need to use. Unfortunately, this kind of research is still hard to find in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to access the diversity of research approaches, designs, variables, data collection and analysis techniques, as well as research subjects in the articles published in Indonesian biology educational journals throughout 2017. Content analysis was used as the research design in this study in which as many as 122 articles were analyzed. The results revealed that the most type, design, variable, data collection and analysis techniques, as well as the subject which frequently used were R&D, Quasi-experimental, media/learning sources, questionnaire, frequency and percentage, and senior high school respectively. There were variety of approaches, designs, data collection and analysis techniques, as considerable as research subjects which have been used in educational research. Moreover, there also findings that some several studies with the same research design applied different data collection and data analysis techniques. Thus, it is suggested to the next researchers to choose the most proper methods in conducting their researches.

Research and evaluation design can be characterised as the logic that links an initial question or problem to the methods of data collection and analysis, and thus also the conclusions drawn. This chapter will briefly introduce some concepts that are dealt with in more detail throughout this book, covering different ways of approaching research and evaluation design along the way: the importance of understanding the purpose of the research; the need for conceptual understanding of the subject of the research; formulating research questions (including the specific requirements of evaluations); the differing methodological approaches employed by qualitative and quantitative researchers (and when to combine them); and the importance of validity. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of other key factors involved in successful research design, such as resource constraints (that is budget and time management issues), supervision and the needs of the audience for the final research findings. By the end of this chapter readers should be able to: • understand the notion of hypotheses derived from a conceptual understanding of the subject at hand • be able to develop appropriate research questions • understand the importance of validity • understand the difference between qualitative and quantitative approaches to research design • be able to design research within constraints

Moving from Facts to Wisdom: Facilitating Synthesis in Literature Reviews.

The aim of the research and development of this module is to develop physical training for archery sports referring to basic archery techniques. Researchers use the research and development model method in qualitative analysis and quantitative descriptive presentations that apply a Research and Development (R&D) design that refers to Borg and Gall. In this research, there are 7 research designs that are adapted to the characteristics studied, namely: 1) research and data collection, 2) planning, 3) product draft development, 4) small group trials, 5) initial product refinement, 6) large group trials , and 7) improvement of the final product. The product trial stages of this development module use 5 stages, namely: a) product refinement with evaluation results from 4 archery experts, b) small group research trial subjects using 4 athletes and 8 athletes for large group trials, c) types of research data using questionnaires, observation and documentation, d) Likert scale measurement techniques are data type instruments used in research, e) research data analysis techniques in the form of percentages. The validity results for archery experts show an average of 77.10%, which means this product is very valid. The module for developing variations in strength training for the archery sport in Kediri Regency aged 10-15 years was also tested in small groups with results of 79.85%, and large group trials showed a figure of 87.71%. The results of the large group trials and small group trials were categorized as valid, so the conclusion of the research on the development of strength training development modules for archery sports in Kediri Regency aged 10-15 years can be declared suitable for use in helping facilitate strength training in archery sports.

EU studies extend into political science, political theory, public and foreign policy analysis, and international relations. The field's diversity speaks to different ontological, epistemological and methodological traditions and research practices. How the EU is conceived as a political reality and entity (ontology) tends to shape how researchers substantiate knowledge production about EU affairs (epistemology) and the way they uncover this knowledge (methodology), alongside choosing research methods and data. We argue that a ‘directional dependency’ exists between research ontology, epistemology, methodology and design. Using a meta‐analysis, we review EU politics research, mapping out directional dependencies in research design; how the paths operate; and deviations from those paths. We explore damaging effects of the research design process, evaluating how much this trap informs research in principle or in practice. We find that while in‐principle directional traps exist, research can be trapped to in‐practice dependencies, limiting the scope of innovation in the field.

Introduction. In the context of the introduction of 5G cellular communication systems in a megalopolis, the problem of hygienic assessment of industrial and non-industrial conditions of human EMF exposure created by new communication systems and devices is of particular importance, taking into account their contribution to the overall level of the electromagnetic background.The study aims are an instrumental assessment and analysis of the contribution of 5G generation base stations to the electromagnetic environment of a megacity under various operating scenarios.Materials and methods. Frequency-selective measurements were carried out to assess the actual electromagnetic environment created by the operation of base stations of cellular communication networks of various generations (GSM, UMTS, LTE and 5G) in commercial operation on the territory of a modern metropolis using the forced traffic generation method.Results. Based on field measurement data, the authors assessed and analyzed the contribution of 5G generation cellular base stations to the electromagnetic environment in the megacity, including in conditions of forced generation of subscriber traffic. Studies have shown that the highest levels of EMF (up to 61.93 µW/cm2) were recorded at full load of two ATs, with 80% of the contribution coming from one BS of the 5G standard. When operating a single AT, the levels decreased to 44.2 µW/cm2, and the contribution to the electromagnetic environment of the active BS reached 96%.Limitations. The limitations of the study are determined by the number of control points considered, the type of measurements, and the operating modes used for the 5G generation BS in the FR1 range.Conclusions. In the open territory of a megalopolis, when assessing the contribution of 5G BS to the electromagnetic environment, it is necessary to take into account the influence of subscriber traffic when developing and justifying criteria for hygienic assessment of EMF levels created by promising cellular communication standards.Ethics. The study does not require the submission of a conclusion from the biomedical Ethics Committee or other documents.Contributions:Perov S.Yu. — research concept and design, collection of material, editing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;Belaya O.V. — research design, material collection and data processing, text writing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article;Mitriushina A.V. — data processing, text writing, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.Acknowledgement. The authors would like to thank the National Center for Occupational Hygiene and Occupational Diseases (Karaganda), Kcell and Tele2 mobile operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan for their assistance in organizing and conducting research.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Received: 22.10.2025 / Accepted: 00.00.2025 / Published: 21.11.2025

Research design, which is a plan or framework for conducting an investigatory study, engrosses the ways for collecting and analyzing data. It is circumspectly planned in advance as it influences the quality and validity of the research outcomes. There are broadly three sorts of research designs, namely quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods research designs. Quantitative research designs involve the collection and analysis of numerical data, qualitative research designs include the collection and analysis of non-numerical data, such as words, images, and observations, and mixed methods research designs embrace both qualitative and quantitative data. There are also certain types of research designs under these major research designs, and a researcher normally has to select one of them to carry out his/ her research study. The key objective of this article is to navigate the research landscape and provide a concise guide to the selection of the right research design. This article based on the secondary qualitative data employs books and journal articles as the sources of data. Based on an analysis of some prominent works in the field of research, this article offers an overview of research designs and discusses its main types. It will provide the researchers with a clear guideline to the selection of the right research design.It will assist research neophytes in particular and other researchers in general.

Sitting Targets and the Joking Relationships

This research analyzes three news items on the Kompas.com site related to the installation of Puan Maharani's billboards installed around the Mount Semeru evacuation using the Appraisal Theory. Appraisal theory is relate about an interpersonal system in linguistics that focuses on negotiating social relations about one's assessment of something. This study used qualitative documentation as research design. For data collection techniques used reading and searching for news techniques, selecting research data news according to the formulation of the problem and research objectives, then conducting a language analysis of news taken from Kompas.com using appraisal which focus on attitude. Then the data are processed to be able to classify appraisal attitude according to the category. So the writer found as many as eight data including the appraisal attitude of the affect category found there were two data. As for appraisal attitude in the judgment category, six data were found. So from the three news reports, a negative assessment was found from the public because they discussed morality and the normality of Puan's billboards at Mount Semeru refuge. Those many thought that Puan wanted to increase her popularity and electability for the 2024 general election by taking advantage of the disaster situation. Keywords: Appraisal, Attitude, Puan Maharani Billboards

PD-1 inhibitor-related pneumonitis in lymphoma patients treated with single-agent pembrolizumab therapy.

An essential resource for LIS master's and doctoral students, new LIS faculty, and academic librarians, this book provides expert guidance and practical examples based on current research about quantitative and qualitative research methods and design. Conducting research and successfully publishing the findings is a goal of many professionals and students in library and information science (LIS). Using the best methodology maximizes the likelihood of a successful outcome. This outstanding book broadly covers the principles, data collection techniques, and analyses of quantitative and qualitative methods as well as the advantages and limitations of each method to research design. It addresses these research methods and design by discussing the scientific method, sampling techniques, validity, reliability, and ethical concerns along with additional topics such as experimental research design, ethnographic methods, and usability testing. The book presents comprehensive information in a logical, easy-to-follow format, covering topics such as research strategies for library and information science doctoral students; planning for research; defining the problem, forming a theory, and testing the theory; the scientific method of inquiry and data collection techniques; survey research methods and questionnaires; analyzing quantitative data; interview-based research; writing research proposals; and even time management skills. LIS students and professionals can consult the text for instruction on conducting research using this array of tools as well as for guidance in critically reading and evaluating research publications, proposals, and reports. The explanations and current research examples supplied by discipline experts offer advice and strategies for completing research projects, dissertations, and theses as well as for writing grants, overcoming writer's block, collaborating with colleagues, and working with outside consultants. The answer to nearly any question posed by novice researchers is provided in this book.

An essential resource for LIS master's and doctoral students, new LIS faculty, and academic librarians, this book provides expert guidance and practical examples based on current research about quantitative and qualitative research methods and design. Conducting research and successfully publishing the findings is a goal of many professionals and students in library and information science (LIS). Using the best methodology maximizes the likelihood of a successful outcome. This outstanding book broadly covers the principles, data collection techniques, and analyses of quantitative and qualitative methods as well as the advantages and limitations of each method to research design. It addresses these research methods and design by discussing the scientific method, sampling techniques, validity, reliability, and ethical concerns along with additional topics such as experimental research design, ethnographic methods, and usability testing. The book presents comprehensive information in a logical, easy-to-follow format, covering topics such as research strategies for library and information science doctoral students; planning for research; defining the problem, forming a theory, and testing the theory; the scientific method of inquiry and data collection techniques; survey research methods and questionnaires; analyzing quantitative data; interview-based research; writing research proposals; and even time management skills. LIS students and professionals can consult the text for instruction on conducting research using this array of tools as well as for guidance in critically reading and evaluating research publications, proposals, and reports. The explanations and current research examples supplied by discipline experts offer advice and strategies for completing research projects, dissertations, and theses as well as for writing grants, overcoming writer's block, collaborating with colleagues, and working with outside consultants. The answer to nearly any question posed by novice researchers is provided in this book.

Employing an interdisciplinary perspective, this paper addresses how narrative research and portraiture - methods originating from, and commonly used in social sciences - can be beneficial for HCI and design research communities. Narrative research takes stories as a basis for data collection and analysis, while portraiture can be used to create written narratives about interview participants. Drawing on this knowledge, we show how a focus on narrative data, and analysis of such data through portraiture, can be adopted for the specific purpose of enhancing design processes. We hope to encourage design and HCI researchers to consider adopting these methods. By drawing on an illustrative example, we show how these methods served to inform design ideas for digital crafting. Based on our experiences, we present guidelines for using narrative research and portraiture for design research, as well as discussing opportunities and strengths, and limitations and risks.