Abstract
The anode electrode is one of the most important components in all microbial electrochemical technologies (METs). Anode materials pretreatment and modification have been shown to be an effective method of improving anode performance. According to mass loss analysis during carbon fiber heating, five temperatures (300, 450, 500, 600, and 750 °C) were selected as the pre-heating temperatures of carbon fiber brush anodes. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) reactors built up with these pre-heated carbon brush anodes performed with different power densities and Coulombic efficiencies (CEs). Two kinds of measuring methods for power density were applied, and the numerical values of maximum power densities diverged greatly. Reactors with 450 °C anodes, using both methods, had the highest power densities, and the highest CEs were found using 500 °C anode reactors. The surface elements of heat-treated carbon fibers were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and C, O, and N were the main constituents of the carbon fiber. There were four forms of N1s at the surface of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber, and their concentrations were different at different temperature samples. The microbial community of the anode surface was analyzed, and microbial species on anodes from every sample were similar. The differences in anode performance may be caused by mass loss and by the surface elements. For carbon brush anodes used in MFCs or other BESs, 450–500 °C preheating was the most suitable temperature range in terms of the power densities and CEs.
Highlights
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that uses bacteria to catalyze the conversion of organic matter into electricity [1,2,3,4,5]
When multiple cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes were placed between anode and cathode, cation and anion could be explicitly driven in a microbial desalination cell (MDC), and seawater could be desalinated [14,15,16]
450 and 500 ◦ C were selected as the treatment temperatures to verify the effect of the mass drop on the anode performance. 300, 600, and 750 ◦ C were selected as treatment temperatures
Summary
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that uses bacteria to catalyze the conversion of organic matter into electricity [1,2,3,4,5]. Other microbial electrochemical technology (MET) devices have been developed recently, including microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), microbial desalination cells (MDCs), and microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells (MRCs) [6]. Electrical energy obtained from MFCs and other. METs have been used in wastewater treatment, biosensors, and environmental remediation [8,9,10,11,12]. When multiple cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes were placed between anode and cathode, cation and anion could be explicitly driven in a microbial desalination cell (MDC), and seawater could be desalinated [14,15,16]
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