Abstract
This paper presents the analysis of an energy management system (EMS) implemented to fulfill the requirements of a microgrid (MG) power supply owned by a small industrial company and connected to the rural power system. The main goal of this system is to ensure connection with the existing rural power system in terms of energy exchange, as well as to perform islanding mode operation of the microgrid based on the energy demand of the company. Power generated in the implemented microgrid is based on a hybrid system supported by renewable energy sources and an energy storage system. The aim of the developed energy management system implemented in this MG power system is to enable the microgrid to operate according to scheduled diagrams related to different load events. The presented investigation, analysis, and assessment of the implemented energy management system are based on the on-site measurements and observations of the long-term operation of the microgrid concerning the hybrid renewable energy-based generation system and the company energy demand, which is useful from perspective of the predicted deficiency of electrical energy in Poland, both for customers and transmission system operators. Furthermore, the observed drawbacks and failures of the implemented EMS and the MG are pointed out and discussed to overcome and minimize these disadvantages, and to improve the operational reliability of the whole system.
Highlights
Renewable energy systems are being installed near newly built domestic or industrial installations due to their main advantage of providing an additional environmentally friendly source of energy
Renewable energy systems are often upgraded with energy storage systems to improve the stability of their operation and simultaneously complemented with cogeneration systems utilizing natural gas
The idea of the implemented energy management system is to enable real-time measurements in the installed microgeneration system and to ensure flexible control of power generation and its adjustment to current demand and consumption, which results from the actual state of the rural power system, variable load and weather conditions, and fault management algorithms on the site, as well as from the scheme of operation adopted to deal with the predicted scenarios
Summary
Renewable energy systems are being installed near newly built domestic or industrial installations due to their main advantage of providing an additional environmentally friendly source of energy. For locations outside the city, where area constraints for the use of the RES are not a key issue, the cooperation of different renewable energy sources is considered Their optimization is discussed, among others, in report [6], which presents wind power integration optimization; in [7], an idea for optimal planning of the energy production is shown, and in [8], optimization issues of local cogeneration stations are discussed. The idea of the implemented energy management system is to enable real-time measurements in the installed microgeneration system and to ensure flexible control of power generation and its adjustment to current demand and consumption, which results from the actual state of the rural power system, variable load and weather conditions, and fault management algorithms on the site, as well as from the scheme of operation adopted to deal with the predicted scenarios. Energies 2022, 15, 719 ensures control of cooperation between different energy sources and energy conversion in renewable energy systems, as well as control of storage systems, power converter-based power conversion systems, load changes, and the quality of the power delivered by the available rural power system
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