Analysis of acute phase side-effects of diphosphonate treatment in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis

Abstract

Objective To investigate the acute phase adverse effects and influencing factors of adverse effects of diphosphonate treatment in the elderly patients with primary osteoporosis. Methods A total of 208 patients[male 25 patients, female 183 patients, age 60~93 with a average of (75.51±7.73)years]with primary osteoporosis were selected from 1 Jan 2012 to 30 Nov 2015, admitted to Department of Geriatrics. According to the serious condition of osteoporosis and willingness of patients, 208 patients were divided into zoledronic acid treatment group, alendronate treatment group, and pamidronic acid group, and received corresponding diphosphonate treatment. All kinds of adverse reactions of diphosphonate in each treatment group were closely to be observed after administration of diphosphonate in 3 days and 7 days. Results The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the zoledronic acid treatment group (59/134, 44.03%; 60/134, 44.78%) was obviously higher than that in the alendronate treatment group (1/57, 1.75%; 1/57, 1.75%), and the pamidronic acid group (3/17, 17.65%; 3/17, 17.65%) after treatment of diphosphonate in three and seven days (P 0.05). There were three patients suffering from severe acute kidney injure (AKI) and three patients suffering from hypokalemia in the 134 patients treatment with zoledronic acid. Conclusions There are obvious differences in the incidence rate of acute phase adverse reactions in the osteoporosis patients who received different treatment policy (P<0.05). The safety issues in the kidney function and electrolyte abnormality (such as hypokalemia) should be paid much enough attention in the primary osteoporosis patients who receive zoledronic acid treatment. Key words: Osteoporosis/DT; Diphosphonates/AE