Abstract
An analysis method is formulated to predict the peak bending stress concentrations around a small circular opening in an idealized isotropic homogeneous, linear elastic-perfectly plastic plate-like structure subjected to uniform blast loading. The method allows for the determination of corresponding concentrated bending moments adjacent to the opening for the design of reinforcement that can prevent the formation of localized plasticity around the opening during a blast event. The rapid formation and growth of localized plasticity around the opening can lead to a drastic reduction of the plate-like structure’s local and global stability, which could result in catastrophic failure of the structure and destruction of the entity it is protecting. A set of elemental formulas is derived considering one-way and two-way rectangular plate-like structures containing a single small circular opening located where flexure predominates. The derived formulas are applicable for elastic global response to blast loading. Abaqus was employed to conduct numerical verification of the derived formulas considering various design parameters including material properties, plate dimensions, position of opening, and explosive charge size. The formulas demonstrate a good correlation with FEA albeit with a conservative inclination. The derived formulas are intended to be used in tandem with dynamic SDOF analysis of a blast load-structure system for ease of design. Overall, the proposed method has the potential to be applicable for many typical conditions that may be encountered during design.
Highlights
Plate-like structures are often used in buildings to protect occupants and life-safety systems from high-energy explosions [1]
Results and Discussion e peak out-of-plane displacements from the equivalent undamped single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analyses and finite element analysis (FEA) are summarized in Table 7. e displacements were obtained at the center of each test model at x b/2 and y h/2. e typical displacement-time history is characterized by undamped periodic motion in the z-axis direction, as exemplified in Figure 15(a) for the test model TM-1c. e peak displacement is achieved at the first peak during the free vibration phase
For the one-way test models, the SDOF analyses slightly underestimate the peak displacements compared to FEA. e percentage difference between SDOF and FEA tends to reduce as the thickness of the plate-like structure increases
Summary
Plate-like structures are often used in buildings to protect occupants and life-safety systems from high-energy explosions [1]. Examples of plate-like structures include hardened blast walls and strengthened floor slabs for protecting against blast infill pressure. E blast walls are nonload bearing and designed to resist blast infill pressure by one-way flexural behavior. E floor slabs are designed to carry conventional gravity and diaphragm loads while resisting blast infill pressure by two-way or one-way flexural behavior. In direct relation to this paper, the dynamic behavior of metallic plate-like structures subjected to blast loading has been extensively investigated through analytical, numerical, and experimental studies [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Blast-resistant design is standardized in several publications including ASCE 59-11 Blast Protection of Buildings [1] and UFC 3-340-02 Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions [19]. e global dynamic response of plate-like structures can remain in the elastic regime, or in extreme cases can enter the plastic
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