Abstract
In this study, a novel methodology is proposed for sensitivity-based tuning and analysis of derivative-based fast active power injection (FAPI) controllers in type-4 wind turbine units integrated into a low-inertia power system. The FAPI controller is attached to a power electronic interfaced generation (PEIG) represented by a generic model of wind turbines type 4. It consists of a combination of droop and derivative controllers, which is dependent on the measurement of the frequency. The tuning methodology performs parametric sensitivity to search for the most suitable set of parameters of the attached FAPI that minimises the maximum frequency deviation in the containment period. The FAPI is adjusted to safeguard system stability when increasing the share of PEIG. Since the input signal of the FAPI is the measured frequency, the impact of different values and parameter settings of the phase-locked loop used for the FAPI controller is also investigated. Detailed validation with a full-scaled wind power converter is also provided with a real-time digital simulator testbed. Obtained simulation results using a three-area test system, identify the maximum achievable degree of increase in the share of wind power when a proper combination of wind park locations considering their suggested settings for inertia emulation.
Highlights
Frequency stability depends on the ability to rapidly restore the equilibrium between system generation and load demand with minimum loss of loads
A low-inertia power system is a result of replacing conventional synchronous generators with a huge amount of power electronic interfaced generation (PEIG) units like solar photovoltaic systems and wind generation (WG) units [5,6,7]
fast active power injection (FAPI) controllers can be classified in three main families, namely, droop-based controllers [7, 10, 11], derivative-based controllers [12,13,14], and other approaches which are based on a mathematical representation of swing equation of conventional synchronous generators, attempting to represent a virtual synchronous machine (VSM) for emulating inertia [15, 16]
Summary
Frequency stability depends on the ability to rapidly restore the equilibrium (within the time frame of frequency containment period which is the period after unbalancing occurrence up to 30 s) between system generation and load demand with minimum loss of loads. As reported in [21] accurate estimation of inertia can play a key role during the implementation of a virtual inertia controller In this reference, an analysis of power system inertia estimation from frequency excursions is carried out by considering different inertia estimation methodologies for a system with a high share of wind power plants. Since in both derivative and droop-based approaches, the input signal is the frequency error, the confident measurement of frequency in those methods is very important. At the end of this paper, testing and validation of the proposed FAPI methods within EMT real-time simulations with proper recommendations are performed to examine the implications on the generator and converters of a wind power generator type 4
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
