Analysis and optimization of water distribution systems: A case study of Kurudu post service housing estate, Abuja, Nigeria

Abstract

In a bid to impact the 6th goal of the 17 sustainable development goals, this study models and optimizes the water distribution systems (WDS) case study by using the water distribution system layout to estimate the water demand, model flow, velocity and head loss for the case study using EPANET software and finally optimizing the system using LINGO software. The optimization algorithm developed herein is characterized by seeking out the optimal least cost system parameters which ensures that the systems serve its purpose efficiently with hydraulic and heuristic rules and constraints normally used for pipeline design are satisfied and employed in the model in other to achieve the optimum solution. The model representation of the existing water distribution system was solved by using initial pipe diameters of 150, 200, 250, 300 and 400 mm size, the pressure generating elevation of 25, 30 and 35 m head characteristics. The problem evaluates seamlessly and the total run time was 0.23 s. Results showed that the optimum reservoir height is 25 m while the optimum pipe diameter was determined to be 300 mm and consequently a 38% reduction in total cost of installation, operation and maintenance of the Water distribution system (WDS).