Analysis and interpretation of Malaria disease model in crisp and fuzzy environment

Abstract

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite. It is prevalent in many regions of the globe, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is a major cause of illness and death. Mathematical models can aid in understanding the dynamics of malaria transmission and guiding disease-control interventions. The authors discuss a mathematical model and focus on severely infected people of malaria transmission in both crisp and fuzzy environments in this article. A parameter pertaining to the cases where relapse of the disease has occurred is considered. This study discusses the stability of the model in both crisp and fuzzy environments and also considered numerical illustrations to validate the said model.