Analysis and interpretation of GPR datasets for integrated archaeological mapping

Abstract

An integrated approach to ground‐penetrating radar interpretation should include not only the standard amplitude slice maps and isosurface renderings but also an analysis of individual reflection traces and adjusted and processed reflection profiles. Only when all those basic datasets are interpreted can the plethora of reflection features at various depths and locations within a grid be understood, especially in complex geological and archaeological settings. Topographically adjusted profiles can provide important clues to changes in reflectivity along a transect, indicating why certain amplitude features are visible (or not) in slice maps. An integration of excavation and outcrop data with reflection profiles can often indicate what features are producing high‐amplitude reflections and which are yielding no reflection at all. Even individual reflection traces can be studied for polarity changes, which can help in identifying the types of buried materials that are producing reflections. All these datasets, some of which are often overlooked, must be integrated during interpretation, especially in complicated ground conditions.