Abstract
In the modern era, characterized by intense urbanization and frequent travel between interconnected communities, the constant expansion of cities, associated with high densities and growing need for traveling, has led to a significant increase in road traffic volumes. More than ever, road traffic today requires effort to be managed effectively in order to improve performance and safety conditions, given the greater probability of unpleasant events such as accidents or road congestion with related delays and the increased stress levels of the user and infrastructure. Fortunately, there are already various engineering tools, such as ramp metering, that can be used for this purpose. Ramp metering allows for achieving the aforementioned desired benefits, including improving mobility, reliability, efficiency, and safety, and even reducing environmental impact. It also has been shown to be cost-effective from the existing literature. Further research will be necessary to strengthen the quality, efficacy, and efficiency of ramp metering, especially considering the fast-paced progress in technology (e.g., connected autonomous vehicles and drones used for surveys) and new challenging scenarios (e.g., congested industrial areas and emergency vehicles). This review’s scope is to present a general overview of principal ramp metering solutions, focusing on current research studies in the last couple of years and highlighting some of the main algorithms used for this purpose, depending on diverse scenarios. With this article, the authors desire to present the subject of ramp metering, providing a general overview of its story, evolution, and recent analytical models.
Highlights
We suggest reading “ALINEA: A local feedback control law for on-ramp metering” [10], written by M
The authors aimed to review a technique concerning traffic management on ramps, a critical point of every roadway network. Such a technique represents a valid intervention that can be implemented with significant cost savings, guaranteeing congestion phenomena reduction on freeways
Since it was applied for the first time in the early 1960s, technological innovation facilitated its operation and study
Summary
Vehicles attempting to access a busy freeway via an entry ramp might experience difficulty merging into traffic, struggling to find a gap between other drivers in the mainstream due to intense traffic volumes. When this happens, vehicles tend to line up behind the stop line on the ramp, forming a queue and waiting until the first user in the queue can move forward and enter the freeway. Ramp metering spread on an experimental basis to other major cities in the early 1960s. Ramp metering spread on an experimental basis to other major in the in United. RampRamp metering began spreading in Europe during the 1980s, when the UK ropeOceania. and Oceania.
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