Analysis and design of MIMO indoor communication system using terahertz patch antenna based on photonic crystal with graphene

Abstract

In this study, a multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) indoor communication system was developed using microstrip antennae based on a photonic crystal substrate, where the graphene load operated in the terahertz band. First, the characteristics of graphene were analyzed by determining the operating modes related to the chemical potential of graphene. Next, three MIMO antennae were designed and analyzed using homogenous, photonic crystals, or optimized photonic crystal substrates, and by utilizing a planted graphene load. The results obtained in CST simulations indicated enhancement of the bandwidth as the frequency reached 356 GHz and an improvement in the gain was also achieved. An indoor communication environment based on the terahertz band was then studied and compared with previously proposed methods. The path loss and reflection loss were analyzed for single input/single output, single input/multiple output, multiple input/single output, and MIMO systems. The geometrical parameters of the indoor environment operating in the terahertz band were investigated. Finally, an interesting enhancement of the channel capacity was achieved using the aforementioned design for MIMO antennae. Moreover, the extra channel capacity could be modified in the proposed system by manipulating the spacing between the transmission antennae or receiver antennae, or the distance between the transmission and receiver antennae.