Abstract

Automated guided vehicles (AGV) or mobile robots (MR) are being used more and more in modern factories, logistics, etc. To extend the work-time of the robot, kinetic energy recovery systems are implemented to store the braking or lifting energy. In most applications, the energy storage system is a Li-ion battery, which is therefore subjected to increased stress and is also oversized. Super-Capacitors can be used in combination to solve this issue. In this paper, different power distribution systems are analysed and compared, using both single or hybrid storage systems (battery and super-capacitor combined). The comparison is both qualitative, using general system characteristics, and quantitative, using an efficiency/power density Pareto front analysis.

Highlights

  • Nowadays, it is impossible to imagine everyday industrial life without mobile robots.These have a variety of requirements for their energy supply network [1–3]

  • The drive and each individual auxiliary converter have to cope with the changing bus voltage [2], which is dependent on the battery voltage

  • The type of partial power topology used for this system is the input series output parallel, which will decrease the voltage on the switching devices while maintaining the current constant, and the supercapacitor module can see the full voltage and store the maximum energy

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Summary

Introduction

It is impossible to imagine everyday industrial life without mobile robots These have a variety of requirements for their energy supply network [1–3]. One of these requirements is energy recovery during braking This is already happening in many applications such as elevators, electric vehicles, robots in general, etc., as shown in [4]. The battery is used as the preferred energy storage device, and it has become a standard in a variety of mobile applications such as electric vehicles, cell phones, and mobile robots. By reducing the number of equivalent charge cycles [4,9,12], they contribute to an increased battery life expectancy [7,8,11] Another advantage of using hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) is that the energy density of the overall system can be increased without sacrificing peak performance.

Energy Storage Systems
Single Energy Storage System
Hybrid Energy Storage Systems
Comparison of the Topologies
Energy Storage System Topologies
Topology I
Topology II
Topology III
Topology IV
Topology V
Topology VI
Topology VII
Topology VIII
Qualitative Comparison
Quantitative Comparison
Switching Devices Loss Estimation
Switching Devices Heat-Sink Volume Estimation
Inductor Design and Loss and Volume Estimation
Filter Capacitor Design Considerations and Loss and Volume Estimation
Balancer Circuit Loss and Volume Estimation
Analysis of Pareto Results
Summary of the Comparison
Findings
Conclusions
Full Text
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