Anadolu’daki Bal Arısı Biyoçeşitliliği Yok Olma Sürecinde mi?

Abstract

This study was conducted through the geometric morphometric method by making a sampling as to represent seven geographical regions of Turkey and also all honeybee races that are reported to be found in Turkey. Nineteen landmarks on the wings of bees detected by using right front wings of worker bees were measured by the Bs200Pro program. According to the results of discriminant function analysis based on individual data, the true classification rate was found to be 54.1%. While the Marmara, Aegean, Eastern Anatolia and Black Sea Regions formed a strictly single group, the Southeastern Anatolia Region distinctly separated from other regions. The honey bee population of eastern and western parts of the Mediterranean Sea were divided into two, while the western part formed close groups with other regions, the eastern part got closer to the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The group center of the Central Anatolia Region partly separated from the other regions and formed a group at the edge. Beside the split of the Mediterranean Region as East and West, the samples taken from Southeastern Anatolian Region create a separate group supported the existence of Apis mellifera syriaca and Apis mellifera meda races in the South. The separation of the Central Anatolia Region supports the existence of Apis mellifera anatoliaca in Central Anatolia of Turkey. However, the examples taken from other regions nested together to create a group show that the honey bee biodiversity in Turkey has been affected by the migratory beekeeping and commercial queenbee activities in recent years.