Abstract
The X-ray method was used in calculating the differential curves of radial distribution in investigations of short range order which were carried out for a number of amorphous rubbers (polybutadiene, butadiene-nitrile rubbers) and polyacrylonitrile. The effect of temperature and of side groups on the structure of the amorphous polymers was investigated. The temperature-dependence of short range order was investigated by analysing the ratios of the heights of intramolecular and intermolecular peaks proposed by the authors as additional parameters of the amorphous state. The validity of the latter parameters for describing changes taking place within the limits of the amorphous state is demonstrated, taking as examples polyethylene, polytrifluorochloroethylene and polybutadiene. In the investigations of polybutadiene, polyacrylonitrile and a number of butadiene-nitrile rubbers it was found that the incorporation of even 18% of nitrile groups as side substituents already leads to a marked increase in the distance between the molecules in the entire volume of the polymer.
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