An update of new flood-irrigated rice cultivars in the SimulArroz model

Giovana Ghisleni Ribas,Vladison Fogliato Pereira,Gean Leonardo Richter,Ary José Duarte Junior,Nereu Augusto Streck,Kelin Pribs Bexaira,Alencar Junior Zanon,Isabela Bulegon Pilecco,Bruna San Martin Rolin Ribeiro,Ioran Guedes Rossato

doi:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.00865

Giovana Ghisleni Ribas, Vladison Fogliato Pereira + Show 8 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.00865

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Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to model, in the SimulArroz model, the three flood-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars currently most grown in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiments to calibrate and validate the model were conducted in the municipalities of Cachoeirinha, Santa Maria, Uruguaiana, Santa Vitória do Palmar, and Cachoeira do Sul during four crop seasons. The number of leaves, phenology, aboveground dry matter biomass, and yield of each cultivar were evaluated. The results showed a slight overestimate of the R1, R4, and R9 stages; however, overall, the SimulArroz model had a good performance in simulating rice phenology for the three studied genotypes. Furthermore, the model had a reasonable accuracy in simulating aboveground dry matter and yield. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) for aboveground dry matter (leaves, stems, panicles, and grains) ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 Mg ha-1. For yield, the RMSE ranged from 0.8 to 1.3 Mg ha-1. The calibration of the SimulArroz model is efficient in simulating the growth, development, and grain yield of the most important flood-irrigated rice cultivars in Southern Brazil and can be used to estimate harvest forecast and yield potential, as well for yield gap studies.

Highlights

Brazil is the largest rice (Oryza sativa L.) producer in the world outside Asia (FAO, 2018; USDA, 2018), with an annual production of approximately 11 tons
The results showed a slight overestimate of the R1, R4, and R9 stages; overall, the SimulArroz model had a good performance in simulating rice phenology for the three studied genotypes
The maximum appearance rates of the first and second leaves were similar for the Guri INTA CL, Puitá INTA-CL, and IRGA 424 RI cultivars (Table 2), indicating that leaf appearance did not differ among these three genotypes

Summary

Introduction

Brazil is the largest rice (Oryza sativa L.) producer in the world outside Asia (FAO, 2018; USDA, 2018), with an annual production of approximately 11 tons. The state of Rio Grande do Sul is the largest rice producer in the country, covering 1.1 million hectares and representing 70% of the national production, with a yield of 7.4 Mg ha-1 (Acompanhamento..., 2018). The analysis of the time series data for rice yield in Rio Grande do Sul, during the first decade of the 21st century, showed a steady increase up to 7.5 Mg ha-1 in 2011, due to the adoption of the Clearfield system by farmers and to genetic breeding, which allowed the development of cultivars resistant to the imidazolinone herbicide, such as IRGA 424 RI, Guri INTA CL, and Puitá INTA-CL (Menezes et al, 2013). Its application in the rice area has focused on: the comparative assessment of different crop models in current and future weather scenarios (Walter et al, 2015; Castro et al, 2018; Ramirez-Villegas et al, 2018), the evaluation of alternative water management strategies (Heinemann et al, 2002), and the study of yield losses caused by weeds (Richter et al, 2019)

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