Abstract
Realizing accurate detection of an unknown radio transmitter (URT) has become a challenge problem due to its unknown parameter information. A method based on received signal strength difference (RSSD) fingerprint positioning technique and using factor graph (FG) has been successfully developed to achieve the localization of an URT. However, the RSSD-based FG model is not accurate enough to express the relationship between the RSSD and the corresponding location coordinates since the RSSD variances of reference points are different in practice. This paper proposes an enhanced RSSD-based FG algorithm using weighted least square (WLS) to effectively reduce the impact of RSSD measurement variance difference on positioning accuracy. By the use of stochastic RSSD errors between the measured value and the estimated value of the selected reference points, we utilize the error weight matrix to establish a new WLSFG model. Then, the positioning process of proposed RSSD-WLSFG algorithm is derived with the sum-product principle. In addition, the paper also explores the effects of different access point (AP) numbers and grid distances on positioning accuracy. The simulation experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain the best positioning performance compared with the conventional RSSD-based K nearest neighbor (RSSD-KNN) and RSSD-FG algorithms in the case of different AP numbers and grid distances.
Highlights
A variety of radio signals have been widely used and existed in our daily life
The proposed received signal strength difference (RSSD)-WLSFG algorithm is validated by field test, which is located on the first floor of the National Radio Monitoring Center, Beijing
For the localization requirement of the unknown radio transmitter (URT) in radio management, this paper has proposed a new RSSD-WLSFG algorithm to achieve more accurate detection of an URT
Summary
A variety of radio signals have been widely used and existed in our daily life. Different from the RSSD-FG following RSS-FG to calculate the coefficients of linear equation between the location coordinates and RSSD by the use of least square (LS), this paper utilizes the stochastic RSSD errors between the measured value and the estimated value of the selected reference points to construct the error weight matrix and obtains the coefficients with the WLS method. In this way, it can reduce the influence of the selected reference points with larger measurement variance so as to achieve a more accurate model.
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