Abstract
The paper proposes a Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) model for enhancing port workers’ safety with reference to the Port of Bar (Montenegro) as a developing seaport operating in a transitional environment. The paper also highlights the lack of appropriate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) solutions in some developing seaports, including safety-related ones. It emphasizes the importance of safety measures through the prism of reducing the number of accidents, and gives a review of some RFID safety solutions in the harsh environments. The main part of the paper deals with the RFID worker’s safety model proposed according to the Port of Bar’s individual needs. The model has been presented at a logic level, while some of the physical and link layers performances between the set of an active and several passive RFID devices embedded to the port workers’ Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RFID readers located at the port perimeter, are simulated in Matlab and OMNeT++. The obtained results followed by discussions can be used as landmarks to the ports’ management in adapting this or a similar model for enhancing safety measures in the port and its promoting as a safety one at the maritime market.
Highlights
Seaports are logistic and industrial centres of maritime nature that play an active role in the global transport system
These technologies include end-to-end flexible seaport surveillance solutions (Milestone 2014), i.e., sophisticated camera systems based on Closed Circuit TeleVision (CCTV) comprising a cutting-edge graphical interface and video analytics features, radar systems connected with port transportation devices and vehicles, variety of infrared/laser, ultrasonic and/or Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) sensors for safety purposes (Hixson 2015), monitoring of cargo handling operations and allied activities (Axis 2010), different pathway anti-collision systems (Roberts, Gray 2013; SICK Pty Ltd. 2014), etc
The tradeoff between Binary Phase-Shift Keying (BPSK) and Quadratic Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation schemes has been simulated, too, and it shows that the Bit Error Rate (BER) is slightly lower in the case of BPSK, but it is negligible in terms of the transmitted data amount, which is doubled by using QPSK
Summary
Seaports are logistic and industrial centres of maritime nature that play an active role in the global transport system. In an extensive survey of papers on ICT-related topics within transitional economies (including countries of former Eastern-Soviet Block, former Yugoslavia, and Albania) published between 1993 and 2012 (Roztocki, Weistroffer 2015) there are several papers which are explicitly concerned with ICT in the domain of transportation These papers are the results of pro-. Neither of the considered ports had (at the time of the survey) contemporary ICT solutions such as: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Vessel Traffic Management Information System (VTMIS), Port Community System (PCS), nor access to Electronic Logistics Marketplace (ELM). They did not use cloud computing services, neither Internet of Things (Internet of Everything) concept (Cisco 2015), etc. A top down model is needed, where governments and transport ministries should achieve wider agreements for the region’
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