Abstract
Background and objectives: Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags have advantages over bar codes in blood management system. Ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID technology (820-960 MHz) in many ways has more advantages than high frequency (HF) RFID (13.56 MHz). The aim of our study was the evaluation of the effects of UHF RFID in comparison to HF RFID radiation on quality markers of RBC and on the oxidoreductive balance in RBC stored in containers labelled with RFID tags. Materials and methods: Ten RBC units were split into three components, one control unit-marked with bar code and two test units labeled with RFID tags - one operating on UHF and the second on HF radio waves. All units were stored at 2-6°C for 35 days. The test groups were exposed to radio waves continuously during storage. The quality parameters as well as concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were measured. Results: The degree of hemolysis and the concentration of K+ were statistically significant higher on 35th day of storage in RBC labelled with UHF RFID tags compare to control and HF RFID groups. On the 35th day of storage the concentration of MDA was statistically significant higher and the activities of oxidoreductive enzymes were statistically significant lower in the UHF group compare to control and HF groups. Conclusion: UHF RFID tags affect oxidoreductive balance in RBC and may lead to eryptosis. The approval of UHF RFID system for blood components needs further studies.
Highlights
In recent years, there is growing interest in radio frequency identification (RFID) technology as a complement to bar code technology in transfusion medicine
Ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID tags are not affected by ultralow temperature
The aim of our study was the evaluation of the effects of 850-900 MHz RF radiation in comparison to 13.56 MHz RF radiation on quality markers of RBC and on the intensity of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant barrier enzymes in RBC stored in containers labelled with RFID tags
Summary
There is growing interest in radio frequency identification (RFID) technology as a complement to bar code technology in transfusion medicine. RFID can read multiple numbers of tags simultaneously even in adverse light conditions [2]. By exploiting these characteristics, RFID can be employed in healthcare especially in transfusion medicine. UHF RFID tags are not affected by ultralow temperature. It makes them more suitable for applications in the management of blood components. Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags have advantages over bar codes in blood management system. Ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID technology (820-960 MHz) in many ways has more advantages than high frequency (HF) RFID (13.56 MHz). The aim of our study was the evaluation of the effects of UHF RFID in comparison to HF RFID radiation on quality markers of RBC and on the oxidoreductive balance in RBC stored in containers labelled with RFID tags
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