An overview of the enhanced biomass gasification for hydrogen production

Abstract

Hydrogen (H2) production from biomass gasification offers exceptional benefits regarding renewable energy sources, zero-carbon emission, cost-effective processes, and high efficiency. The addition of catalysts to biomass gasification could accelerate the process and minimize the formation of coke. However, the catalyst deactivation caused by carbon deposition, poisoning, and sintering is still a significant problem in the gasification process. The efficiency of gasification might decrease as a result of such a process. The parameters affecting the production of H2 are very complicated, particularly when different biomass feedstocks and catalysts are used. As a result of the endothermic nature of the reaction, gasification also necessitates a great deal of energy. A significant limitation on thermal efficiency and gasifier design is the energy required for gasification. Therefore, achieving sustainable exploitation of the renewable natural resource of biomass requires substantial development and optimization of the present gasification process. This study, then, offers an overview of contemporary biomass and gasification catalyst sources, factors influencing the gasification process, parameter optimization, and economic analysis concerning product yields and gas composition. Finally, the potential benefits and challenges of using biomass to produce H2 are briefly discussed, leading to future gasification prospects.