Abstract
In recent year, the most emerging and growing field of research and development is “Internet of Things” (IoT). This is due to advancement in wireless sensor network (WSN) which operate in the unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) spectrum band. However, many wireless technologies operate in the same unlicensed spectrum, make it overcrowded and hence resulted in spectrum scarcity among those bands, the performance of WSN will degrade as their popularity increases. According to FCC report, most of the licensed spectrum is underutilized, sharing of underutilized licensed spectrum among unlicensed devices is a promising solution to the spectrum scarcity issue. Cognitive Radio (CR) is one of the capable technology that allows sensor nodes (as a Secondary Users (SUs)) to detect and use the underutilized licensed spectrum temporarily when Primary Users (PUs) not using it. With recent advances in Cognitive Radio (CR) technology, possible to apply the Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) model in WSNs to get access to underutilized licensed spectrum, possibly with better propagation characteristics, but as the existing protocols and algorithms developed for CRNs and WSNs are not directly applicable to CR-based WSNs and required new protocols. In this paper, we present a survey on the novel design of CR-based MAC, identify the main advantages and challenges of using CR technology, and compare the different method of improving energy efficiency. We believe that CR-WSN is the next-generation WSN. In this paper, we also discussed the open issues to motivate new research interest in this field.
Highlights
In recent year, the most emerging and growing field of research and development is “Internet of Things” (IoT)
Cognitive Radio (CR)‐Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) MAC is energy efficient and spectrum aware multi‐channel medium access control protocol which is based on asynchronous duty cycle approach
Cognitive radio technology is a potential technology for future wireless systems like the Internet of Things, WSNs, and M2M systems and provides benefit in co‐existence of different wireless technology by improving spectrum utilization
Summary
The most emerging and growing field of research and development is “Internet of Things” (IoT). The main motivating applications behind this is to automatically connect, monitor and respond to nature’s surveillance systems. This is due to the development of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), in which traffic is always in burst mode. It’s required to solve the problem of spectrum utilization in presence of other equipment. Cognitive radio (CR) improve version of software‐defined radio, has been proposed to overcome the bandwidth limitations by the effective utilization of the spectrum by exploiting the existence of white. Integrating CR technology with wireless sensor (WS) node (i.e., Cognitive Radio‐based Wireless Sensor Networks (CR‐WSNs)), can help to overcome bandwidth limitation of WSNs by sensing spectrum hole and utilize that to improve the spectrum utilization and minimize interference with coexisting wireless technologies. The conclusion of the paper is summarized followed by references
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