Abstract
Machine vision systems rely on communication between cameras and processor modules to capture and analyze visual information. This arrangement renders them as bulky and inefficient in terms of speed and power dissipation for futuristic big data applications that involve artificial intelligence algorithms. An apparatus able to imitate the operation of biologic eyes and function as a standalone platform would therefore present the next evolutional step in machine visual perception. Neuromorphic computing is an alternative approach to the Von Neumann architecture that carries the potential for implementing such intelligent cameras. In this regard, artificial synaptic devices have been widely used in recent years to construct hardware‐based neural networks mainly due to their adjustable electric parameters. Herein, a bioinspired, hybrid electrophotonic responsive neuronic device that mimics the combined functionality of retinal cones and bipolar cells is demonstrated. Under illumination, it features a hyperpolarization‐like current response in an OFF state and a complementary depolarized reaction when toggled to an ON state. Furthermore, electrical pulsing done in conjunction with light stimulation can emulate the horizontal cell neurotransmitter release in center‐surround biologic configurations. These devices may thus serve as building blocks for advanced visual systems, integrating self‐healing sensory and neuromorphic computing into an artificial cognitive retina.
Highlights
Visual perception apparatuses (VPAs) are ubiquitous more than ever and play important roles in almost every aspect of modern civilization.[1,2,3,4] They form the foundation for autonomous vehicle control and safety systems[5] and of artificial eyes in industrial1990s over floating-gate metal-oxidesemiconductor (MOS) structures.[16,17] Alternatively, the study of memristors[18,19] as artificial synaptic devices has been gaining momentum since the discovery of the reversible resistive switching effect.[20]
The artificial neuronic device (AND) in this work were fabricated using a memristive crossbar structure, which is considered a promising candidate for achieving very-high-density networks similar to those of synaptic connections in the cerebral cortex.[37]
The major drawbacks associated with light-responsive materials in synaptic devices, [21,22,23,24] which cannot be integrated into the conventional complementary MOS (CMOS) process, were avoided
Summary
Visual perception apparatuses (VPAs) are ubiquitous more than ever and play important roles in almost every aspect of modern civilization.[1,2,3,4] They form the foundation for autonomous vehicle control and safety systems[5] and of artificial eyes in industrial. Www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advintellsyst.com state, the device displays a hyperpolarization-like response under illumination that decays into a depolarized state in darkness. This state may be toggled to an “on-bipolar” one, where it produces a depolarized output under illumination and hyperpolarizes in darkness. This functionality can be used to simulate self-healing sensory mechanisms found in living organisms’ retinas.[28] electrical pulsing applied with light stimulation can emulate horizontal cell neurotransmitter release in “center-surround” biologic configurations and regulate the output frequency of the device. Different bias pulsing schemes could be used to emulate horizontal cell neurotransmitter release.[35,36]
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