An optimisation and adjustment model of train line planning for EMU trains under multiple formation

Abstract

Influenced by factors such as geographic location and economic level, the passenger demand of different lines fluctuates to different degrees in time and space. With the aim of enhancing adaptation to passenger demand fluctuations, the train line planning under multiple formations(MFTLP) is investigated, and a multi-objective mixed-integer programming model is constructed with the objectives of minimising the comprehensive cost of train operation, maximising the rate of satisfaction of passenger demand, and maximising the stability of the train line planning(TLP) by considering the constraints of the passenger flow, train stops, train capacity, stability of the MFTLP, and the number of available EMUs. The case results based on CPLEX demonstrate that the MFTLP method proposed in this study can flexibly adapt to fluctuations in passenger demand, resulting in substantial economic benefits. Simultaneously, when the passenger demand is comparatively low, multiple formations demonstrate more significant advantages.