An observational study on spectrum of complications in gallstone disease in Western Maharashtra

Abstract

Gallbladder calculus prevalence exhibits significant regional disparities, affecting public health. This study aimed to assess the incidence of complications in diagnosed cases of gallbladder stones using a prospective observational approach. Methods encompassed comprehensive history-taking, clinical examinations, imaging, and biochemical markers' analysis. In this study encompassing 238 cases of symptomatic gallstones, a comprehensive analysis revealed that 31.9% of patients presented with complications. Among these, choledocholithiasis emerged as the most prevalent complication, affecting 13.45% of the cases. Acute cholecystitis and gallstone pancreatitis were also significant complications, occurring in 10.9% and 6.7% of the cases, respectively. Noteworthy is the consistent alignment between clinical diagnoses and imaging findings, highlighting the accuracy and reliability of the diagnostic process. Turning to the exploration of management modalities, the data showcased laparoscopic cholecystectomy as the predominant surgical intervention. Both early and delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomies were frequently performed, reflecting the versatility of this approach in addressing symptomatic gallstone cases. However, it is essential to note that an overall 6% conversion rate from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy was observed, underscoring the importance of adaptability in surgical strategies. These findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the prevalence and complications associated with symptomatic gallstones but also emphasise the significance of accurate diagnostic measures and the need for surgical flexibility in managing these cases. The results presented in this study offer valuable insights that can inform clinical decision-making and enhance the overall management of patients presenting with symptomatic gallstones