Abstract
A small-scale, low-temperature solar organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is investigated, focusing on some key aspects of its design and operation, in order for the system to track the optimised point under variable weather conditions. Two major configurations can be identified for small-scale ORCs using two expansion stages, for improving the performance at variable loads. The first concerns the use of a cascade ORC and the second one of a single circuit with two in-series expanders. The first goal of this study is to theoretically investigate the performance of these two alternative configurations under variable heat inputs from evacuated tube solar collectors. The configuration finally selected is the ORC with two in-series expanders, showing higher efficiency for the entire range of incident solar radiations. This configuration is then further investigated, focusing on its operation and control, such as the by-passing of the first expander, in order to optimise its operation.
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