Abstract
ObjectivesTo develop and test the cutting efficiency of a novel degradable glass as an alternative media to alumina powder for air abrasion.Materials and methodsA zinc-based glass (QMZK2) was designed, produced, and evaluated with a multi-modality imaging analysis. The glass dissolution study was carried out in three acids, using ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy) at 5 different time points: 2.5, 5, 10, 60, and 240 min. The cutting efficiency of both materials was tested under the same parameters on slabs of elephant enamel. A stained fissure of a molar tooth was air abraded with the glass and evaluated with X-ray micro-tomography before and after air abrasion.ResultsThe particle size distribution of the glass was similar to that of alumina 53 µm but with a slightly greater dispersion of particle size. The shape of the particles was angular, appropriate for cutting purposes. The dissolution study showed that the glass dissolved rapidly in acidic conditions at all time points. Between the two variables, pressure and powder flow, pressure was found to influence the cutting speed to a greater extent than powder flow.ConclusionsAlumina powder was found to perform significantly better in 4 of the 9 conditions tested on elephant enamel, QMZK2 in one, and no significant differences were found for the rest of the 4 conditions. The QMZK2 seems to offer promising results as an alternative material to alumina.Clinical relevance.QMZK2 glass has the potential for replacing aluminum oxide as a degradable material in air abrasion technology.
Highlights
Air abrasion is clinically used for tooth structure removal using high-speed stream of abrasive particles [1, 2]
Bioactive glasses (BAG) are calcium phosphosilicates that can dissolve in physiological solutions to release calcium and phosphate and to form hydiroxycarbonated apatite, which is similar
The dissolution of QMZK2 glass particles was studied in three acids, phosphoric acid 37%, citric acid 6%, and acetic acid 6%
Summary
Air abrasion is clinically used for tooth structure removal using high-speed stream of abrasive particles [1, 2] It has an advantage of causing much less subsurface cracking compared to rotary instruments and lasers. In view of the fact that aluminum oxide is a hard material (2100 Knoop Hardness), it removes hard substrates better than soft ones, such as carious dentine. To overcome this problem, several researchers tested alternative cutting materials, like the bioactive glass 45S5/Sylc ®, with an attempt to selectively remove carious enamel and dentine [5,6,7]. Bioactive glasses (BAG) are calcium phosphosilicates that can dissolve in physiological solutions to release calcium and phosphate and to form hydiroxycarbonated apatite, which is similar
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