Abstract
Arctic sea ice motion information provides an important scientific basis for revealing the changing mechanism of Arctic sea ice and assessing the navigational safety of Arctic waterways. For now, many satellite derived Arctic sea ice motion products have been released but few studies have conducted comparisons of these products. In this study, eleven satellite sea ice motion products from the Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF), the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), and the French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Seas (Ifremer) were systematically evaluated and compared based on buoys from the International Arctic Buoy Program (IABP) and the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) over 2018–2020. The results show that the mean absolute errors (MAEs) of ice speed for these products are 1.15–2.26 km/d and the MAEs of ice motion angle are 14.93–23.19°. Among all products, Ifremer_AMSR2 achieves the best accuracy in terms of speed error, NSIDC_Pathfinder shows the lowest angle error and OSI-405-c_Merged performs best in sea-ice drift trajectory reconstruction. Moreover, season, region, data source, ice drift tracking algorithm, and time interval all influence the accuracy of these products: (1) The sea ice motion bias in the freezing season (1.04–1.96 km/d and 11.93–22.41°) is smaller than that in the melting season (1.13–3.90 km/d and 14.41–27.41°) for most of the products. (2) Most products perform worst in East Greenland, where ice movements are fast and complex. (3) The accuracies of the products derived from AMSR-2 remotely sensed data are better than those from other data sources. (4) The continuous maximum cross-correlation (CMCC) algorithm outperforms the maximum cross-correlation (MCC) algorithm in sea ice drift retrieval. (5) The MAEs of sea ice motion with longer time interval are relatively smaller. Overall, the results indicate that the eleven remote sensing Arctic sea ice drift products are of practical use for data assimilation and model validation if uncertainties are appropriately considered. Furthermore, this study provides some improvement directions for sea ice drift retrieval from satellite data.
Highlights
In recent decades, Arctic sea ice has been changing rapidly in the context of global warming and Arctic Amplification, with important implications for global climate [1–6].Sea ice drift is an important kinetic parameter of sea ice change, which affects the heat and momentum transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere, and has an impact on resource development and navigation in polar regions [7–9].Since the early 1980s, satellite remote sensing technology has gradually become an important tool for sea ice drift monitoring in polar regions which is complementary to limited in situ observations
The results indicate that the eleven remote sensing Arctic sea ice drift products are of practical use for data assimilation and model validation if uncertainties are appropriately considered
The results showed that the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) product and Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) product were more accurate than the Ifremer product; this phenomenon was more significant in regions with lower sea ice concentrations and slower sea ice drift speeds
Summary
Arctic sea ice has been changing rapidly in the context of global warming and Arctic Amplification, with important implications for global climate [1–6].Sea ice drift is an important kinetic parameter of sea ice change, which affects the heat and momentum transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere, and has an impact on resource development and navigation in polar regions [7–9].Since the early 1980s, satellite remote sensing technology has gradually become an important tool for sea ice drift monitoring in polar regions which is complementary to limited in situ observations. Arctic sea ice has been changing rapidly in the context of global warming and Arctic Amplification, with important implications for global climate [1–6]. Sea ice drift is an important kinetic parameter of sea ice change, which affects the heat and momentum transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere, and has an impact on resource development and navigation in polar regions [7–9]. Since the early 1980s, satellite remote sensing technology has gradually become an important tool for sea ice drift monitoring in polar regions which is complementary to limited in situ observations. The basic principle of sea ice drift retrieval based on remotely sensed data is to track sea ice in sequential images over the same area. The EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF), French Research. All the published products are derived from the cross-correlation technique, including the maximum crosscorrelation (MCC) algorithm and the continuous maximum cross-correlation (CMCC)
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