Abstract
In this study, a practical and integrative SHM system was developed and applied to a large-scale irregular building under construction, where many challenging issues exist. In the proposed sensor network, customized energy-efficient wireless sensing units (sensor nodes, repeater nodes, and master nodes) were employed and comprehensive communications from the sensor node to the remote monitoring server were conducted through wireless communications. The long-term (13-month) monitoring results recorded from a large number of sensors (75 vibrating wire strain gauges, 10 inclinometers, and three laser displacement sensors) indicated that the construction event exhibiting the largest influence on structural behavior was the removal of bents that were temporarily installed to support the free end of the cantilevered members during their construction. The safety of each member could be confirmed based on the quantitative evaluation of each response. Furthermore, it was also confirmed that the relation between these responses (i.e., deflection, strain, and inclination) can provide information about the global behavior of structures induced from specific events. Analysis of the measurement results demonstrates the proposed sensor network system is capable of automatic and real-time monitoring and can be applied and utilized for both the safety evaluation and precise implementation of buildings under construction.
Highlights
Structural health monitoring (SHM) based on sensor technology has received considerable attention and has successfully replaced traditional visual inspection for damage detection and maintenance of structures subjected to various loadings such as earthquake, wind and service loadings [1,2,3]
The edge truss in zone C that is connected to the mega truss is a cantilevered structure; before completing the process of welding the separately manufactured mega truss, it was supported by 10 temporary bents arranged in equal intervals along the length of zone C (Figure 11)
In this system, customized energy-efficient wireless sensing units were employed and comprehensive communications from the sensor node to the monitoring server were conducted through wireless communications by using the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and CDMA method, which were responsible for short- and long-distance communications, respectively
Summary
Structural health monitoring (SHM) based on sensor technology has received considerable attention and has successfully replaced traditional visual inspection for damage detection and maintenance of structures subjected to various loadings such as earthquake, wind and service loadings [1,2,3]. There are fewer SHM applications due to the specificity of the construction site and various restrictions, such as limited space for sensor installation and obstacles that hinder stable monitoring. SHM was applied in a building during construction in [21], where the column strain in a high-rise residential building was measured using fiber-optic sensors. Li et al [22] employed fiber Bragg grating sensors to monitor the temperature evolution history and strain variation of columns on the underground floor of an 18-story building during construction
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