Abstract
This paper presents the development of a hardware/software system for the characterization of the electronic response of optical (camera) sensors such as matrix and linear color and monochrome Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS). The electronic response of a sensor is required for inspection purposes. It also allows the design and calibration of the integrating device to achieve the desired performance. The proposed instrument equipment fulfills the most recent European Machine Vision Association (EMVA) 1288 standard ver. 3.1: the spatial non uniformity of the illumination ΔE must be under 3%, and the sensor must achieve an f-number of 8.0 concerning the light source. The following main innovations have achieved this: an Ulbricht sphere providing a uniform light distribution (irradiation) of 99.54%; an innovative illuminator with proper positioning of color Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and control electronics; and a flexible C# program to analyze the sensor parameters, namely Quantum Efficiency, Overall System Gain, Temporal Dark Noise, Dark Signal Non Uniformity (DSNU1288), Photo Response Non-Uniformity (PRNU1288), Maximum achievable Signal to Noise Ratio (SNRmax), Absolute sensitivity threshold, Saturation Capacity, Dynamic Range, and Dark Current. This new instrument has allowed a camera manufacturer to design, integrate, and inspect numerous devices and camera models (Necta, Celera, and Aria).
Highlights
Cameras are essential systems in human-machine interactions because vision provides about 80% of the necessary information for life
The electronic response of a sensor is included as technical datasheets accompanying products, different batches coming from external manufacturing plants, or inconsistent prothe product
The instrument proposed in this paper includes a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting system inside an Ulbricht sphere [13]
Summary
Cameras are essential systems in human-machine interactions because vision provides about 80% of the necessary information for life. Mainphases phasesofofthe thecamera camera development process, showing possible points of characterization inspection for calibration purposes) by instrument Such market among sensor manufacturers, sensor integrators, Suchdevices deviceshave havea apotential potential market among sensor manufacturers, sensor integraand final users of the integrated product. The electronic response of a sensor is included as technical datasheets accompanying products, different batches coming from external manufacturing plants, or inconsistent prothe product. Sometimes, it requires validation by the customer, e.g., in the case of low cost duction. This workMachine has been Vision carriedAssociation out in collaboration manufacturer of digital of the parameters of optical sensors . devices [9], interested in implementing the standard cameras for industrial and biomedical for their characterization
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