Abstract
Objective: The aim of this article was to test the hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from the plant raw material (PRM) by the example of Pimpinella anisum L. fruits with two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100.
 Methods: For the studies, we used Pimpinella anisum L. fruits ground to obtain particle size between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. The study of qualitative and quantitative content of the extracts was carried out by the following method: simple maceration, PRM: extractant ratio 1:10 w/v; and circulation method for extraction using Soxhlet extractor, PRM: extractant ratio 1:5 w/v. Qualitative analysis of extracts was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Quantitative analysis of trans-anethole in the extracts was carried out by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) method.
 Results: The largest yield of anethole was observed for n-hexane, 84±4 %, and for Novec 7100, 81±4 %. In case of Novec 1230 solvent, the yield of anethole was noted to be three times less, 32±2 %. The yield of anethole under the conditions of solvents (Novec 1230 and Novec 7100) circulation method was up to 94±5 % within two hours.
 Conclusion: Adequacy of the working hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from Pimpinella anisum L. fruits by two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100, was verified experimentally. In the context of the solvents tested, it was found that the level of fluorination of the solvent’s molecule had a great influence on its extraction properties in regard to anethole and vegetable oil.
Highlights
At this date, several different ways for separation of essential oil from the essential-oil-bearing plant raw material (PRM) are well known, such as hydrodistillation by water steam, microwave-assisted distillation, and extraction using different types of organic solvents and liquefied gases, etc [1,2,3].the leading-edge method for separation of essential oil components from the PRM is the technology of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide [4, 5].It should be noted that using freons is no less promising method for extraction of essential oils from the PRM
The aim of this article was to test the hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from the plant raw material by the example of Pimpinella anisum L. fruits with two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100
In the first part of our experiments, we studied the yield of anethole into different solvents (Novec 1230/7100 and n-hexane)
Summary
Several different ways (technologies) for separation of essential oil from the essential-oil-bearing plant raw material (PRM) are well known, such as hydrodistillation by water steam, microwave-assisted distillation, and extraction using different types of organic solvents and liquefied gases, etc [1,2,3]. It should be noted that using freons is no less promising method for extraction of essential oils from the PRM. These technologies have significant disadvantages: the necessity to use special equipment that should work under overpressure, the necessity to use an electrical refrigerator for extractant vapor condensation, the necessity to use additional energy for refrigerator work, and low separation selectivity between essential and vegetable oils, etc. As a result of literature and patent search, the authors found that researchers from the USSR in 1980-90s, as well those from France, the USA, and Belgium in 2000-2006, had determined experimentally unique extraction properties in some perfluoro organic solvents [6,7,8,9].
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