An innovative fabrication strategy of exceptional detoxifiers namely biochar and Ti3AlC2 co-functionalized nano ferrous sulfides for the intensified purification and detoxification of perrhenate-contaminanted wastewater with potential implication in trapping pertechnetate

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In this contribution, three kinds of biochars (BC), i.e., bamboo leaf biochar (BLB), peanut shell biochar (PSB), and corn cob biochar (CCB), were combined with Ti3AlC2 as support matrix to co–functionalize nanoscale FeS for the synthesis of three BC@Ti3AlC2/FeS scavengers namely BLB@Ti3AlC2/FeS, PSB@Ti3AlC2/FeS, and CCB@Ti3AlC2/FeS. The as–synthesized scavenging composites were employed as exceptional detoxifiers in purification and detoxification of perrhenate–contaminanted wastewater and underlying cooperative mechanism was unveiled via applying X-ray photoecectron spectra (XPS). The water chemistry effects including initial pH, detoxifier dosage, concentration and time were systematically explored. The results demonstrated that BC@Ti3AlC2/FeS exhibited an intensified performance to purify and detoxify Re(VII) from wastewater compared with the naked FeS. Kinetics studies revealed that Re(VII) trapped onto the detoxifiers was fitted by pseudo-second-order model the best which was indicative of a chemical trapping interplay predominantly. Thermodynamic exploration (ΔS>0, ΔH>0, ΔG<0) unveiled that Re(VII) entrapped onto the scavengers was endothermic and spontaneous. XPS determination unravelled that BC@Ti3AlC2/FeS detoxified and captured Re(VII) via cooperative mechanisms of adsorption and reduction. The findings of this contribution revealed that the as–synthesized BLB@Ti3AlC2/FeS, PSB@Ti3AlC2/FeS, and CCB@Ti3AlC2/FeS, can be promising candidates in purifying and detoxifying tangible Re(VII)–contaminanted wastewater, exhibiting potential implications in capturing pertechnetate.