An injectable fibronectin3-alginate hydrogel driven by dynamic dissolving equilibrium for irregular wound repair

Abstract

Managing irregular wounds with varying depths presents a challenge due to the limited effectiveness of traditional dressings in promoting wound healing. Injectable hydrogels represent a promising approach for managing irregular wounds with varying depths. However, many existing hydrogels are limited by poor biocompatibility and a lack of active ingredients, which significantly undermines their effectiveness in promoting wound healing. In this study, an injectable alginate hydrogel incorporating Fibronectin3 (FN3) as the active component was developed through the modulation of Ca2+ balance and a gradual physical crosslinking process, enabling administration with a 30 G needle. This gel demonstrates remarkable self-healing properties, capable of withstanding 1500 % strain, and exhibits high biocompatibility. Moreover, blood clotting tests demonstrate a lower clotting index than gauze. Additionally, the cell scratch test shows the positive biological activity of the gel and its potential to enhance the migration of L-929 calls. Experiments on full-thickness wounds in mice significantly confirm that gels containing FN3 can effectively accelerate wound healing. In conclusion, this study presents a simple method utilizing the solvation equilibrium of Ca2+ for creating injectable hydrogels with exceptional wound repair properties, thereby indicating their promise as wound dressings in clinical applications.