Abstract
Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, together with factor analysis and band resolution techniques, has been used to study complex formation in binary mixtures of m-cresol and propionitrile in the concentration range 0.1–0.9 mole fraction of m-cresol. The profile of the CN stretching band of propionitrile in the IR spectrum near 2250 cm −1 was studied to determine the nature of the association. Factor analysis indicated that there were only two linearly independent components in the band envelope. The appearance of a pseudo-isosbestic point in the normalized spectra supported this conclusion. For all concentrations, the CN stretching band envelope was resolved into three bands: one assigned to free propionitrile, a second to an m-cresol-propionitrile complex and a third to an overtone or combination mode of the nitrile which does not involve CN stretching. The results indicated the formation of a 1:1 complex. The equilibrium constant K c for the formation of this complex was determined at various mole fractions of m-cresol. The calculated values of K c exhibited a strong concentration dependence.
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