Abstract
An indoor photovoltaic (PV) energy harvester using a time-based maximum power point tracking (TBMPPT) circuit and an on-chip PV cell is presented. The TBMPPT circuit selects one of three switched-capacitor DC-DC converters and adjusts the switching frequency to achieve the maximum power. This TBMPPT circuit can also track the light intensity variations. When the TBMPPT circuit is locked, a duty-cycle control technique is used to lower the power. This indoor PV energy harvester is realized in a 0.18μm CMOS process. Its total active area is 2.89mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> wherein the area of the PV cell is 1.436mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The measured peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) is 68.3%. This energy harvester can cover the wide input power range of 5μW-500μW and maintain the PCE>50% over the input power range of 10μW-500μW.
Published Version
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