Abstract
Introduction: Bacteria play a key role in pulp and periapical disease, making their complete removal essential in endodontic treatment. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) is commonly used as an intracanal medicament due to its antimicrobial properties, but its remnants can hinder sealer adhesion and affect treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 0.5% peracetic acid (PAA), 10% citric acid (CA), 1% PAA, 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), in removing Ca(OH)₂ from root canals. Materials and Method: Sixty teeth that had single roots were chosen and decoronated to set the length of the root at 12 mm. Canals were irrigated, followed by filling up with Ca(OH)₂ after biomechanical preparation. The samples were divided into seven groups: Group 1: Control (positive); Group 2: Control (negative); Group 3: 5 ml of 17% EDTA + PUI; Group 4: 5 ml of 3 % NaOCl+ PUI; Group 5: 5 ml of 0.5% PAA + PUI; Group 6: 5 ml of 1% PAA + PUI; Group 7: 10% CA + PUI. The radicular portions of teeth were split longitudinally, followed by examination beneath a stereomicroscope with a magnification of 50×. Results: The obtained data was statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test to find out significant differences between the study groups. Pair-wise comparison for mean scores was done using the Mann–Whitney test. Friedman’s test was used for intra group differences between regions. Small amounts of Ca(OH)₂ residue were observed in the 1% PAA group compared to other irrigants in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds of the root canals, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: About 1% PAA with PUI was superior in removing Ca(OH)₂ from root canals compared to other irrigants used in the present study.
Published Version
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